Meaning of the word affixed

прикрепленный, приписанный

глагол

- прикреплять (to, on, upon)
- добавлять, прибавлять, присоединять (to, on, upon)
- поставить (подпись); приложить (печать)
- приписывать (кому-л.)
- соединять (с недвижимостью)

существительное

- лингв. аффикс
- редк. добавление, дополнение
- аффикс (в кинологии: специальная помета в паспорте собаки, помещаемая до или после клички, содержит информацию о заводчике или питомнике)
- редк. приложение

Словосочетания

affixed a seal — скреплённый печатью  
affixed a signature — скреплённый подписью  
affixed stop — упор, установленный на рабочем органе  

Примеры с переводом

Возможные однокоренные слова

affix  — аффикс, придаток, прибавление, ставить, прикреплять, приложить

• Defenition of the word affixed

  • firmly attached; «the affixed labels»
  • firmly attached

Similar words in the affixed

• • appendant
  • basifixed
  • glued
  • mounted
  • pasted

Antonyms for the word affixed

• • loose
  • unaffixed

See other words

• • What is state of undress
  • The definition of collaborators
  • The interpretation of the word backfields
  • What is meant by nudity
  • The lexical meaning teammate
  • The dictionary meaning of the word servings
  • The grammatical meaning of the word walk out
  • Meaning of the word blatancy
  • Literal and figurative meaning of the word allocation
  • The origin of the word add together
  • Synonym for the word rationalizing
  • Antonyms for the word rationed
  • Homonyms for the word rationalizes
  • Hyponyms for the word rationality
  • Holonyms for the word rationals
  • Hypernyms for the word affixes
  • Proverbs and sayings for the word adjoin
  • Translation of the word in other languages tote up

Affixation
is the creation of a word by modifying its root with an affix. It is
a very productive type of word formation.

In
conformity with the division of derivational affixes into suffixes
and prefixes affixation is subdivided into suffixation and
prefixation.

A
careful study of a great many suffixal and prefixal derivatives has
revealed an essential difference between them.

First
of all in modern English suffixation is characteristic of noun and
adjective formation. Prefixation is typical of verb formation.

Prefixes
modify the lexical meaning of stems to which they are added. A
prefixal derivative usually joins the part of speech the unprefixed
word belongs to.

e.g.:
definite
– indefinite; convenient – inconvenient.

In
a suffixal derivative the suffix does not only modify the lexical
meaning of the stem it is affixed to, but the word itself is usually
transferred to another part of speech.

e.g.:
care(N)
– careless (A), good (A) – goodness (N).

A
suffix closely knit together with a stem forms a fusion retaining
less of its independence than a prefix which is, as a general rule,
more independent semantically.

e.g.:
writing
– the act of one who writes; the ability to write;

to
rewrite – to write again.

In
the English language there prevails either suffixation or
prefixation, in the Ukrainian language they can be used in the same
word.

English
suffixes usually transfer a word from one part of speech into
another, Ukrainian affixes never do it.

Prefixation

Derivational
morphemes affixed before the stem are called prefixes. They modify
the lexical meaning of the stem, but in doing so they seldom affect
its basic lexico-grammatical component. Unlike suffixation, which is
usually bound up with a paradigm of a certain part of speech,
prefixation is considered to be neutral in this respect. The only
exceptions are the prefixes be-, en-, a-, pre-, post.

e.g.:
little
(A) – belittle (V);

friend
(N) – befriend (V);

able
(A) – enable (V);

courage
(N) – encourage (V);

sleep
(N) – asleep (word of the category of state);

foot
(N) – afoot (Adv);

war
(N) – prewar (A) ;

war
(N) – postwar (A).

But
usually prefixes do not change a part of speech.

The
Source of Prefixes

Prefixes
originated from notional words, which in the course of time lost
their independent meanings and became prefixes.

e.g.:
re
(Lat. Adv.) – once again or back;

under
(OE Adv., Prep.) — under;

fore
(OE Adv., Prep) – foresee.

Nowadays
this process continues. In Modern English there exist the so-called
semi-prefixes — words which are losing their meanings.

e.g.:
stone-blind,
stone-deaf, ill-tempered, ill-fated.

The
Classification of Prefixes

Prefixes
can be classified from the point of view of their meanings.

Among
them we can single out prefixes of the negative meaning: un-,
in-, dis-, mis-.

e.g.:
comfortable
– uncomfortable, convenient – inconvenient, satisfied –
dissatisfied, understand – misunderstand.

Prefixes
denoting reversal or repetition of an action: un-,
dis-, re-,
роз-, пере-.

e.g.:
lock
– unlock,
regard
– disregard,
consider
– reconsider,
єднати – роз’єднати, писати – переписати.

In
the Ukrainian language the most productive is the prefix
не-,
which is used to form adjectives and nouns, but never verbs:
нелегкий,
невільний.
A
very productive prefix is the prefix без-:
безпомічний. In
the English language this prefix corresponds to the suffix –less:
defenceless.
The
prefixes де-,
дис-, а-
are used as parts of borrowed words and they are unproductive:
децентралізація, дисбаланс, асиметричний.

Prefixes
denoting space and time relations: fore-,
pre-, post-, over-, super-,
до-, перед-, над-, під-, пере-, після-.

e.g.:
tell
– foretell,
war
– prewar,
war
– postwar,
spread
– overspread,
structure
– superstructure,
історичний – доісторичний, воєнний –
післявоєнний, водний – підводний.

Prefixes
can be international:

• Anti-/анти-
  (antifascist,
  антифашист);

• Counter-/контр
  (countermarch,
  контрмарш);

• sub-/суб
  (submarine,
  субмарина).

Some
prefixes can have a semantic identity only (but no linguistic
similarity):

• foresee
  – передбачити;

• extranatural
  – надприродний.

There
can be semantically alien prefixes pertaining to one of the
contrasted languages:

• de-
  (decamp);

• mis-
  (misstate);

• по-
  (по-українському);

• що-
  (щонайкраще).

A
specifically Ukrainian phenomenon is the usage of the prefix
по-
(попоїсти).

Suffixation

Suffixation
is the formation of words with the help of suffixes. Suffixes usually
modify the lexical meaning of stems and transfer words to a different
part of speech. There are suffixes, however, which do not shift words
from one part of speech into another. A suffix of this kind usually
transfers a word into a different semantic group.

e.g.:
A concrete noun becomes an abstract one: child – childhood.

Suffixes
can be classified according to their ability to form a new part of
speech, to their origin, productivity.

Noun-forming
suffixes:

• -er
  (teacher, worker),

• -ing
  (living, reading);

• -ness
  (kindness, tenderness).
  These suffixes are productive.

• -age
  (voyage, courage);

• -ard
  (coward, drunkard);

• -ment
  (agreement, employment);

• -th
  (strength, length).
  These suffixes are non-productive.

In
the Ukrainian language these are the following suffixes:

• -ар
  (шахтар, лікар);

• -ик
  (історик, радник);

• -ець
  (гравець, українець);

• -ач
  (оглядач, наглядач);

• -ак
  (співак, мастак);

• -нь
  (учень, здоровань).

Adjective-forming
suffixes:

• -able
  (movable, readable);

• -ful
  (powerful, delightful);

• -ish
  (whitish, bookish);

• -less
  (useless, hopeless);

• -y
  (noisy, sunny).
  These are productive suffixes.

• -en
  (golden, woollen)
  – non-productive.

In
the Ukrainian language these are the following suffixes:

• ов-
  (зимовий, раптовий)

• н-
  (хмарний, класний)

• ив-
  (щасливий, кмітливий)

• ськ-/
  цьк- (англійський, німецький).

Some
suffixes are homonymous. For example, the suffix ful-
can form adjectives and nouns: careful
(Adj) – handful (N).

In
the Ukrainian language (but not in English) diminutive suffixes are
often used:

-ньк
(малесенький), -чк (дівчатко), -ець(вітерець).

Numeral-forming
suffixes:

• -teen
  (thirteen, fifteen);

• -ty
  (sixty, seventy);

• -th
  (seventh, eighth).
  These are non-productive suffixes.

Pronoun-forming
suffixes:

• -s
  (ours, yours).
  The suffix is non-productive.

Verb-forming
suffixes:

• —
  ate (complicate, navigate);

• —
  en (darken, strengthen);

• —
  fy (signify, simplify);

• —
  ute (attribute, execute).
  These suffixes are non-productive.

In
the Ukrainian language these are the suffixes:
(ув)ати-,
ити-(сушити, головувати).

Adverb—forming
suffixes:

• —
  ly (quickly, lately);

• —
  long (sidelong, headlong);

• —
  ward(s) forward, toward(s);

• -ways,
  wise (clockwise, otherwise, crabways).
  Of all these suffixes only the suffix

-ly
is productive.

In
the Ukrainian language that is the suffix
о-:
високо,
широко.

From
the point of view of semantics suffixes can be classified in the
following way:

1. Agent
   suffixes:

• -ist/
  -іст/-ист
  (journalist,
  артист)
  ;

• ar/
  -ар/-яр
  (scholar,
  школяр);

• ier-/-yer/
  -ир (cashier,
  бригадир).

1. Suffixes
   denoting abstract notions:

• -ism/
  -ізм
  (socialism,
  комунізм);

• -tion/
  -ац
  (demonstration,
  демонстрація);

• -dom/
  -ств/-цтв (kingdom,
  газетярство);

• -hood/
  -ств
  (brotherhood,
  братство).

1. Evaluative
   suffixes:

• -ette
  (kitchenette);

• -y/-ie/-ey
  (sissy);

• -ling
  (duckling).

• -атк/
  ятк (дівчатко, оленятко)

• -ик
  (ротик);

• -ечк
  (донечка);

• -ичк
  (сестричка);

• -ньк
  (дівчинонька).

All
Ukrainian diminutive suffixes are productive. In English only –ie/ey,
-ette
are productive.

1. Gender/sex
   expressing suffixes.

In
the Ukrainian language they can express
masculine
gender:

—
-ар/яр
(лікар, школяр);

—
-ист/іст
(бандурист);

—
-ій (водій);

—
-ант/ент
(студент).

Feminine
gender can be expressed by means of the following suffixes:

• -к
  (артистка);

• -их
  (кравчиха).

Neuter
gender is expressed by means of:

• -атк
  (курчатко);

• -к
  (вушко);

• -ц
  (винце).

English
gender suffixes are only sex expressing: actor
– actress.

1. International
   suffixes:

• -er/or
  ор(conductor,
  кондуктор);

• -ist/іст
  (socialist,
  соціаліст);

• -tion/ц
  (revolution,
  революція);

• -able/абельн(readable,
  читабельний).

In
both languages there are semi-affixes. In English these are the
elements:

loadsa-,
friendly, -something.

In
Ukrainian the semi-suffixes are:
повно-,
ново-, само-, авто-, -вод, -воз
(повноправно,
автопілот, водовоз, тепловоз).

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These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors.